The safety distance of 110KV substation. The safety distance of 110kv substations from the national "Electromagnetic Radiation Management Measures" stipulates that 100 volts or more is a strong electromagnetic radiation project. Article 20 stipulates: in the area where large-scale electromagnetic radiation equipment or high-frequency equipment is used intensively, in accordance with the requirements of environmental protection and urban planning, Sensitive buildings such as residential houses and kindergartens shall not be built in the planned restricted area. Beijing Municipal Planning Commission (2004 Guiyizi No. 0638) 110 kV underground high-voltage substation project clearly requires that the distance be not less than 300 meters.
The safety distance of 66KV substation. The construction of substations above 35KV requires that the front is more than 15 meters away from residential houses and the side is more than 12 meters away; box-type substations are more than 5 meters away from residential houses
The safety distance of 10-35KV substation: Generally, 10KV-35KV substation requires that the front side is more than 12 meters away from residential houses and the side is more than 8 meters away.
Generally, the safe distance refers to live or wire. According to relevant regulations, the safe distance between buildings and power lines is as follows
1. Vertical distance
2.5 meters below the power line voltage level of 1kV
Power line voltage level 1-10kV; 3 meters
Power line voltage level 35kV: 4 meters
Power line voltage level 60-110kV: 5 meters
2. Horizontal distance
Power line voltage level below 1kV: 1 meter
Power line voltage level 1-10kV: 1.5 meters
Power line voltage level 35kV: 3 meters
Power line voltage level 60-110kV: 4 meters
Since the frequency of power equipment in 220kV and 110kV substations is 50 Hz, it generates a very low-frequency electromagnetic field, and it is impossible to transmit energy in space in the form of electromagnetic waves. Therefore, the actual impact of the substation on the surroundings is mainly electromagnetic induction effect. , Not electromagnetic radiation.
So the question is, Shima is "electromagnetic induction"?
An obvious example is that when the weather is humid, if the human body comes into contact with a metal object that is working under a high-voltage overhead wire and is not grounded, it will cause a tingling sensation. This is the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction, but its energy is very small. , Similar to the electrostatic effect produced when taking off the sweater in winter, it will not cause harm to the human body. The power frequency electromagnetic field energy generated by the electromagnetic induction of the substation is very small. If the energy is small, the space transmission ability is poor. With the shielding effect of the surrounding buildings, the electromagnetic influence has been attenuated exponentially, and the electromagnetic environmental influence is basically negligible.
In addition, the state also has a series of requirements for the construction of substations:
According to my country’s power transmission line design regulations and reference to national limits, it is recommended to temporarily use 4kV/m (kilovolts/meter) as the evaluation standard for power frequency electric field in residential areas. It is recommended to apply the International Radiation Protection Association’s power frequency when radiating to the public throughout the day. The limit value is 0.1mT (millitesla), or 100 microtesla, as the evaluation standard for magnetic induction.
The "Shanghai Substation Environmental Protection Design Code" stipulates that: "Substations are generally kept at an appropriate distance from residential houses or other environmentally sensitive targets, 220 kV is 20 meters, and 110 kV is 15 meters." It is believed that as long as the substation meets the above-mentioned distance requirements, it will meet the requirements of safety and environmental protection.
(2) How big is the electromagnetic induction intensity of the substation?
Having said so much, I still don't believe it, what should I do? It's that kind of (no) sex (knowledge)!
Okay, let's talk about the data! !
The Guangdong Environmental Protection Bureau once measured the electromagnetic field intensity near the Gongbei section of the 220kV Nanping-Gongbei transmission line in Zhuhai, Guangdong.
Comparing the safety distance of urban overhead power lines approaching or crossing buildings as stipulated by the state and the electromagnetic radiation intensity of overhead power lines measured by environmental protection departments, it can be found that the electromagnetic induction intensity of power lines not only meets the standard within a safe distance, but is also safer. Places farther away are also in line with national standards.
(3) Why must substations be built in residential areas?
Having said so much, is my heart still swollen with fear? Can the substation be located in the suburbs, so hello, me, hello, everyone. . . .
The answer is "not good!"
Why do substations have to be built in residential areas and not in remote suburbs? This is determined by the relationship between the voltage level and the power supply distance and power supply capacity. The higher the voltage level, the farther the power can be supplied, and the greater the power supply capacity. The power supply capacity of the line is shown in the following table:
The longest power supply distance is 8-15 kilometers from the substation. When the power supply voltage is too low, the air conditioner, fluorescent lamp, motor, etc. cannot be started. This is why it is necessary to build substations and install transformer stations in load centers.
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