For the current development of new energy vehicles in China, the development of relying entirely on market trends may not be ripe, and the government's support for this is still essential. At the government level, the state should have a top-level design, introduce relevant policies and regulations, strengthen the industry management of the comprehensive utilization of scrapped power batteries for new energy vehicles, standardize the development of the industry, and provide financial support in taxation and other aspects.
This is an era that does not talk about the development of environmental protection. Because of the severe consumption of the earth's resources and the grim situation of environmental pollution, they are striking the rapid pace of progress in human civilization. At the beginning of the seventeenth century, Shakespeare said: "Survival or destruction is a question worth considering." This issue is extremely appropriate and thought-provoking in the context of the innovation of contemporary global industrial civilization.
The just-concluded 2018 China Electric Vehicles Centennial Forum presented a set of data: in 2017, the sales of new energy vehicles in major countries in the world exceeded 1.42 million, and China reached 777,000. The global sales of new energy vehicles exceeded 3.4 million units, of which more than 50% were used in China.
I believe that in the auto industry where the new energy revolution is in full swing, this set of data has been interpreted from various angles in countless times in a few days. China’s current leading position in the development of new energy vehicles in the world has been digitally obtained. Confirmation.
The new energy strategy for automobiles that was formally proposed in 2009 has achieved outstanding results. Compared with the traditional automobile field, we seem to see another possibility beyond the big car countries in Europe and America. In the past two years, the slogan of "Curving Overtaking" was quietly changed to "changing the road and overtaking." This includes the confidence of big countries brought about by technological innovation and industrial innovation. It is more of a hard-powered card for China to sprint for the world's largest economy.
Undoubtedly, since the reform and opening up, China’s development has always been in a state of radical and high-spirited, and various transcripts in the fields of industry, science and technology, finance, and the Internet have been thrown out, and the small hearts of major political economies have Shake three shakes.
In the automotive industry, China is not the first country to embark on new energy and intelligent R&D reforms, but once again strode into the Pioneer queue. Today, half of the world's electric cars are on the roads of China. The unprecedented opportunities and challenges seem to be waving in front of us.
However, re-interpreting this set of data from the general trend of the global energy revolution has seen some different meanings, and I believe that people in every industry are deeply impressed. Whether it is economic development or technological breakthrough, or system improvement, the hard powers of the developed countries such as the United States, the European Union, and Japan are not under China. The road of a mature automobile industry for more than 100 years also provides in-depth exploration of its industrial innovation. Strong support. So far, they have not produced transcripts that can compete with China in the wide-ranging application of electric vehicles.
Of course, among them, the huge base of the Chinese market is a very important factor, but from another perspective, the traditional big car companies in these countries have always adhered to the attitude of careful attention in the vigorous new energy vehicle advancement. It is also obvious.
On the one hand, in the research and development of high-tech technology, such as Volkswagen, Toyota, GM and other companies have maintained a strong technical advantage, not only in fuel cells, lithium battery technology, in the inverter, electrode, electrolyte and other fine It is also leading in the technical field and has opened up a modular platform for new energy vehicles. On the other hand, under the influence of the impact of China's double-point policy, the new energy business structure and product layout of these enterprises in the world, especially in China, have also accelerated accordingly.
In this strategic deployment, an important signal is released. The original intention of the new energy innovation is to solve the pollution caused by the emissions of traditional fuel vehicles to the global environment. Most of the new energy vehicles on the market today are Use a lithium battery to store electrical energy. As far as the current technology is concerned, the service life of the battery is very short, and it will enter the decay period on average for 3 to 5 years. There are hidden dangers to the environment in the long-term production, recycling, recycling and scrapping of the battery.
Although lithium batteries contain less toxic metals than batteries containing lead and cadmium, substances in used lithium-ion batteries may cause heavy metal nickel and cobalt pollution, fluorine pollution, organic pollution, dust and acid-base pollution. . If there is no relevant legislation and system in these links and strict implementation, there is no breakthrough progress or treatment plan in the technical field of waste battery degradation. Once the electric vehicle expands in a large scale, the environmental impact of the scrapped battery in the future will be Be the next environmental dilemma.
It can be seen from the data that the current development period of new energy vehicles in the Chinese market has begun. According to relevant plans, by 2020, the cumulative production and sales volume of domestic new energy vehicles will reach 5 million. According to this, China Automotive Technology and Research Center predicts that by that time, the cumulative scrap of power batteries for electric vehicles in China will reach a scale of 120,000 to 170,000 tons. The disposal of these wastes will bring challenges to China. Therefore, the recovery and reuse of power batteries has become a top priority for the development of new energy vehicles in China in the future.
At present, countries all over the world are actively conducting experimental research and engineering applications in the utilization of power battery ladders. Countries such as the United States, Germany and Japan have gone relatively early, and there have been some successful engineering and commercial projects.
For example, GM and ABB began working together in 2011 to use the used Chevrolet Volt battery pack to collect power back to the grid, providing backup power for some homes and small commercial buildings in the event of a power outage. At the same time, the use of scrapped batteries to store electricity during peak hours of electricity prices for peak hours to compensate for gaps in wind power, photovoltaic or other renewable energy generation.
Germany has also established a relatively complete legal system for battery recycling, battery production and importers must be registered with the government, dealers must organize the recovery mechanism, and users are obliged to hand over the used batteries to the designated recycling agency. The German Ministry of the Environment also supports the research and development of resource utilization research projects for used power batteries. The Bosch Group built a 2MW/2MWh large-scale photovoltaic power storage system using batteries from BMW AcTIveE and i3 pure electric vehicles.
A battery recycling system established by Japanese battery manufacturers to provide "battery production and sales - recycling - recycling treatment" provides a good standard for the recycling of power batteries. Nissan Motors "Leading Wind" and Sumitomo Group jointly established 4R Energy to use the scrapped batteries of Nissan "Leon Wind" cars sold or leased by Japan and the US as residential or commercial energy storage equipment.
In 2016, the National Development and Reform Commission, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Environmental Protection, the Ministry of Commerce, and the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine jointly issued and issued the "Electric Vehicle Power Battery Recycling Technology Policy (2015 Edition)" to guide the production and recycling of electric vehicle power batteries. .
However, at present, the status quo of battery production and recycling in the domestic market is not clear. Although some large enterprises with high-tech recycling technology have begun to profit from the market, the industry has not yet reached a unified standard for large-scale disposal of used batteries. The operating process from the car manufacturer to the battery recycler also lacks a complete system for grooming.
From the operational level, whether it is used in flashlight batteries, mobile phone charging treasures, electric bicycles, backup power supplies, or areas that are not reachable in remote areas and power grids, if these attenuating batteries are finally scrapped, they are dispersed to Areas that are difficult to recycle and concentrate on are highly likely to be discarded at will and destroy the ecological environment.
At the 100th China Electric Vehicles Conference, relevant people in the industry, political circles and academia expressed their views on the current policy orientation of electric vehicle development, research and development of battery technology, the landing of related supporting facilities, and intelligent safety and reliability. The views of some professionals have also led to intense discussions in the industry. However, for environmental protection related issues such as power battery recycling and scrapping, we have not heard too much further breakthroughs in technology, systems and system capabilities.
Undoubtedly, the development and application of clean energy is the general trend. For the automotive industry, the inevitable trend of new energy vehicles as the development of the automotive industry is an international consensus. All of this must be based on scientific and rigorous institutional norms, system construction, laws and regulations including the disposal of used batteries, market mechanisms, and the mature development of industrial layout.
For the current highly competitive clean energy market, electric vehicles will bring about a series of new problems while alleviating the environmental problems brought by traditional fuel vehicles. They should have a clear and rational understanding of these problems.
For the current development of new energy vehicles in China, the development of relying entirely on market trends may not be ripe, and the government's support for this is still essential. At the government level, the state should have a top-level design, introduce relevant policies and regulations, strengthen the industry management of the comprehensive utilization of scrapped power batteries for new energy vehicles, standardize the development of the industry, and provide financial support in taxation and other aspects.
As Chen Qingtai, chairman of the China Electric Vehicle Hundred People's Association, said: "The electric car must be jumped out to assess its impact on the future economy and society." This influence must not be based on the numerical rankings, not in the direction of economic interests. Think about the long-term goal of global environmental protection. And this is the ultimate meaning of the great car revolution we are experiencing.
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