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For appliance repair personnel, repairing the power supply is essential. However, a professional repair power supply is quite expensive. If the power supply is properly improved, a stable power supply that is inexpensive, easy to use, and reliable in quality for maintenance and charging can be produced. Introduce the regulated power supply to the reader for reference.
For convenience, the power supply is designed as two independent outputs of low voltage and high voltage, as shown. Among them, the low-voltage output is dedicated to low-voltage electrical appliances (such as tape recorders, walkmans, semiconductor radios, etc.) maintenance and battery, rechargeable battery charging, etc.; high-voltage output is dedicated to color TV maintenance. Take the low-voltage output as an example to illustrate its working principle. The secondary 32V voltage of the transformer is rectified by VD1~VD4 and filtered by C1 to obtain a DC voltage of about 45V. The voltage is stabilized by the integrated three-terminal regulator LM338K. The potentiometer RP1 is adjusted and 1.25V can be obtained at the output. Stable DC voltage of 37V. In the figure, LED1 is the indicator light of the regulated power supply, R1 is the current limiting resistor of LED1, and C2 is used to filter out the high frequency harmonic components of the power supply and eliminate parasitic oscillations. VD5 and VD6 are designed to protect the LM338K from being short-circuited at the input and output terminals.
According to the characteristics of LM317T, the input voltage should be increased, and the adjustment terminal resistance should be increased appropriately so that the maximum voltage difference between the input and output terminals does not exceed 40V, so as not to damage the LM317T. According to the power supply voltage and component values ​​in the figure, it can be obtained from the output. 90V ~ 130V, the current is not less than 1A DC output. VD13 is designed to prevent the LM317T from being damaged by reverse charging of the capacitor in the color TV. The circuit consisting of VD14, LED2 and R5 is the indicator light of the high voltage power supply and is designed to maintain the minimum operating current of the LM317T.
When selecting components, LM338K must use genuine, the maximum output current of the voltage regulator block can reach 5A. The power transformer is best wound by itself, the power is not less than 180W. The low voltage secondary current is greater than 5A, and the high voltage secondary current is not less than 1A. The rectifier diode can be selected from 2CZ57D or imported 200V/6A rectifier full bridge. The DC current meter uses the 85C1 type 5A meter head, the low voltage meter head uses the 85C1 type 50V meter head, and the high voltage meter head can use the 85C1 type 150V meter head. In addition, the LM338K and LM317T should be installed with a large enough heat sink. RP2 and S2 in the low-voltage power supply are set for charging the 5th battery and the 7th battery, and the RP2 can be used with a multi-turn rotary type potentiometer. In the actual use process, in order to prevent overheating damage of the transformer and the voltage regulator block to prevent long-time high-current charging, the instrument fan can be connected to the flow meter and placed in the air space for heat dissipation.
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