The compressor is an abbreviation for compression and limiter, which is an amplifier whose own gain decreases as the input signal level increases. Limiter: An amplifier in which the output level reaches a certain value and the maximum output level remains constant regardless of the input level. This maximum output level can be adjusted as needed. Generally speaking, the compressor and the limiter are combined together, and there is a limit function when there is a compression function. Its main role in the sound system is:
Professional audio equipment - the role of the pressure limiter 1, the role of the safety valve When the sound system works, it may be due to improper operation (the volume control of the device is too large or the power voltage shock occurs due to improper operation such as power on, power off, conversion, etc.) The signal is unstable (the difference between the sound size of different singers or the distance between the microphone and the mouth) or the unexpected situation (the whistle caused by the microphone falling or strong acoustic feedback) and the signal level is too high. Causes severe overload distortion to the system and even damages the speaker or power amplifier. After the compressor is connected, the whole system is protected by its compression and restriction functions. This is the main purpose of the wide configuration of the compressor in the theater and dance hall. According to experience, it is more appropriate to adjust the compression ratio between 1.5 and 2, depending on the hearing. The compression ratio is too low to function as a safety valve. A compression ratio of more than 2 tends to make the layering of the speaker sound worse, and the high frequency part is not "bright".
2. Improve the loudness compression of recording and amplification and limit the dynamic range of the program, which can suppress the strong signal and improve the weak signal. In the operation of recording and sound reinforcement systems, this method is often used to improve the loudness of recording and sound amplification. The principle is as follows:
Since the sound intensity perceived by the human ear is the average sound level for a certain period of time, in the programs with lower average sound levels, some of the high-level peak signals that occasionally appear may not sound as high as such peaks. But the program with a higher average sound pressure level is louder.
3, using a compressor to create a special sound effect Using a short start-up time and a long release time, you can create a special sound effect similar to "reverse sound", especially for some percussion instruments. The fast start causes the signal level to be immediately compressed, and when the signal is naturally attenuated, the release time adjustment increases its gain to reduce the degree of natural attenuation. This effect is very significant for drums and other percussion instruments.
It should be noted that if the release time is adjusted too short, the gain will increase rapidly when the signal is weak or silent, making the background noise significant, but as the signal is again enhanced, the noise is suppressed and forms a Annoying so-called "breathing noise." Instead, the release time should not be adjusted too long to prevent the compressor from changing at a rate that does not change with the rhythm of the program.
4, tooth canceller Some compressors have a function to eliminate the tooth sound. The method is to insert the boosting circuit for boosting the high frequency into the line of the control gain attenuation of the compressor, so that the high frequency component in the tooth sound is compressed more than other components.
A more efficient way is to divide the audio band into several frequency bands, process them piece by piece, and then re-synthesize them. In this way, the band containing the tones can be separated to make it larger than the other parts. When the signal is recombined, the sound level of the tooth is attenuated without affecting the rest of the program.
5, automatic doors in various large-scale conferences, cultural performances and multi-channel recording, usually multiple microphones simultaneously connected to the sound reinforcement system, but we hope that whenever no one speaks or some instruments are suspended, they can always Turn off these unsignaled microphones immediately, which reduces background noise and, in particular, reduces the chance of acoustic feedback whistling. However, it is obviously unrealistic to manually open and close a batch of microphones. The function of this "automatic door" can be accomplished by using the noise gate. The key is to properly set the threshold level so that the microphone that is not spoken or played without the instrument automatically "closes", and when someone speaks or the instrument starts playing, Automatically "open the door" and put it into normal working condition.
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