[Introduction] The so-called intelligent lighting control system actually controls the lighting automatically according to the function of a certain area, different time of day, outdoor brightness or the use of the area. One of the most important things is that you can make presets, which have the ability to convert the brightness of the illumination into a series of settings. These settings also become scenes that can be automatically called with a dimmer or a central building empty stock index system.
The so-called control system actually controls the lighting automatically according to the function of a certain area, different time of day, outdoor brightness or the use of the area. One of the most important things is that you can make presets, which have the ability to convert the brightness of the illumination into a series of settings. These settings also become scenes that can be automatically called with a dimmer or a central building empty stock index system.
1. Control system design
The system is a distributed structure. The communication method is mainly wireless, and the power carrier is assisted.
The entire system includes computers, embedded controllers, power line carrier relays, and front-end areas. as the picture shows. The front end includes a main controller, a plurality of unit dimming controllers, a power line carrier relay, and a remote controller. as the picture shows.
Schematic diagram of the front end area of ​​the structure diagram of the intelligent lighting control system
A main controller controls a plurality of unit dimming controllers, and each unit dimming controller can also be controlled autonomously. The main controller controls data exchange with a plurality of unit dimming controllers in a wireless manner to assist relaying with power line carriers. Among them, the remote control mode is flexible and can be controlled either by remote control of the main controller or by a unit dimming controller.
Both the unit controller and the main controller have remote control learning functions. Users can set the function of each button on the remote control according to their own needs, and even one button and multiple controls. The main controller dims the controller to each unit through a wireless transmitting module. The main controller can set the illumination, scene mode, etc. for each unit dimming controller, and record and display the set values. Each unit dimming controller senses the illuminance through the photosensitive element, and can directly control the illuminance or brightness of the luminaire. The dimming method is front-end chopping. as the picture shows.
As shown in the figure, the MCU in the controller adjusts the power-on time of the lamp in one cycle by adjusting the "adjustable time t" in the figure, thereby adjusting the brightness of the lamp. The unit dimming controller can accept the control of the main controller through the wireless receiving module, and can directly accept the control of the handheld remote controller after learning the remote controller.
The traditional mechanical switch control standard is the fuse control line. For easy installation and direct replacement of traditional mechanical switches without modifying the indoor wiring, the unit controller should be designed as a "single-wire" power-off mode. That is, as long as the fire line and the lamp are connected, the normal operation can be performed without connecting the zero line.
2. Electrical energy saving design
(1) Light source selection
The control of the illuminator should be treated differently according to the different characteristics and requirements of each room. It is easy to use as much as possible, and creates conditions for power saving. The intelligent lighting control system intelligently dims most luminaires (including incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, sodium lamps with special ballasts, mercury lamps, neon lights, etc.) to provide adequate illumination where and when needed. Turn off unnecessary lamps in time, make full use of natural light, and fully save energy. Realizing intelligent lighting control can generally save 20-40% of electric energy, which not only reduces the user's electricity bills, but also reduces the power supply pressure. [9]
(2) Controller for improving the illuminator
The control of the illuminator should be treated differently according to the different characteristics and requirements of each room. It is easy to use as much as possible, and creates conditions for power saving. One of the main causes of damage to the luminaire is the voltage of the grid. Excessive work can greatly reduce the life of the luminaire. Therefore, effectively suppressing fluctuations in the grid voltage can extend the life of the light source. The intelligent lighting control system can successfully suppress the surge voltage and surge voltage of the power grid, so that the luminaire will not be damaged due to the above reasons. At the same time, the system adopts soft start and soft turn-off technology, which avoids the thermal shock of the current to the filament when the lamp is turned on, which further extends the life of the lamp. Thereby reducing the workload of replacing the luminaire and reducing the operating cost of the lighting system. Through the above method, the life of the light source can usually be extended by 2-4 times.
(3) Make full use of natural light
Natural lighting should be used as much as possible in the building, and the building area close to the outdoor part should be widened, and glass doors and windows with good light transmittance should be used to achieve the purpose of making full use of natural light. Any part of the natural light that can be used for the illumination of the natural light can be used to detect the on-site illumination according to the degree of accuracy.
In the energy saving of lighting, high-efficiency light source and high-efficiency luminaire should be adopted under the requirements of illumination, light color and color rendering index. For the luminaires that can utilize natural light or the illumination of variable illuminance, the automatic control start-stop mode of the group of tablets is adopted. Can achieve the effect of lighting energy saving.
Construction equipment (such as louver) with adjustable light control can be adjusted to control the natural light, and can also be linked with the lighting system. When the weather changes, the system can automatically adjust, regardless of the location or weather changes, the system can ensure that the indoor illumination is maintained at a preset level. The intelligent lighting control system can work in a fully automatic state. The system has several basic states that automatically switch to each other at preset times and automatically adjust the illuminance to the optimum level.
(4) Lighting distribution selection lighting distribution
1) Stable voltage; when the voltage at the light source terminal rises, the power consumption increases; the design should consider stable voltage measures, such as the use of lighting special transformers, and if necessary, automatic voltage regulation; and the power load sharing transformer, should avoid the impact The effect of load on lighting.
2) increase COSΦ;
3) Reduce the line impedance and increase the section properly;
4) Reasonable control methods, such as microcomputer automatic switch light, voltage regulation, dimming control, and constant power input to the road light (sodium lamp), constant light output, reduce the lamp terminal voltage or lamp power in the middle of the night. To reduce light output, save input power and so on.
(5) Utilization of renewable energy
Solar energy is an inexhaustible source of green light. But it can only be used immediately but not for storage. We can use the various light collecting devices to complete the lighting of solar energy. The implementation of solar energy through the implementation of integrated air conditioning technology for lighting (essentially through the integration of air-conditioned lighting and building construction to achieve an improved lighting quality, saving power and optimizing the indoor environment) Store to achieve a good use of renewable resources.
3. Design steps
(1) Select the controller with appropriate technical specifications
1 According to the light source design and the lighting arrangement designed by the site lighting effect, the loops are classified or grouped to form a logically independently controllable lamp path.
2 Calculate the actual apparent power of each loop and count the total number of loops in the system.
3 Select the controller of the corresponding model, specification and quantity according to the calculated power and number of circuits.
4 Draw the determined controller into the drawing.
(2) Select the control panel requested by the user.
The user control panel operates in a similar manner to the conventionally used switch panel. The difference is that each button on the control panel can perform a variety of different intelligent tasks, and is not limited by the scope of the control area.
(3) Forming a distributed control network system
All five control panels, accessories and switch controllers in the area are connected by a Category 5 communication line to form a distributed control network.
1 Optional system other control accessories.
2 The control panel, control accessories and controllers selected in each actual control area or system design area are all daisy-chained together to form an overall control system.
4. Results and analysis
The main controller and each unit dimming controller transmit data wirelessly, and the main controller can be used to control each unit, or each unit can be controlled by a remote controller. The application of the wireless intelligent lighting system not only does not need to consider the installation location of the control scene controller, but also does not require the control lines and pre-embedded tubes required for conventional lighting. The system is thus simplified, and only the control program can complete the control without pulling too many wires to realize the control. After the system is simplified, the construction is convenient and the labor cost is saved.
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