Smart grid is a complete system, covering all aspects of power generation, transmission, distribution, dispatching, substation and power consumption. According to incomplete statistics, more than 80% of the power in the power system is transmitted to users through the user-side power distribution network and consumed on terminal power-using equipment. As a low-voltage electrical appliance for controlling and protecting terminal electrical equipment, it is at the bottom of the grid energy chain and is an important part of building a strong smart grid. Therefore, to build a smart grid and build a smart distribution network on the user side, so that networking, comprehensive intelligence, and communication can become the future development direction of low-voltage electrical appliances.
Unified platform and standards are conducive to the development of intelligent low-voltage electrical appliances
Smart grid requires users to adopt unified and standardized products, which makes the measurement, protection, control and other functions of various automation systems, monitoring systems, management systems and online monitoring devices gradually in the new unified and standard technical support system. Integration and integration, and eventually achieve a high degree of integration of various technologies, thereby providing guarantees for improving the reliability of the smart grid system, shortening installation and maintenance time, and so on. This also brings great convenience to the development and application of a new generation of intelligent low-voltage electrical appliances.
Traditional smart low-voltage electrical appliances are facing extension and expansion
Efficient utilization of renewable energy, renewable energy power generation systems developed by cutting peaks and valleys of electrical energy to improve electrical energy efficiency, and fast charging devices for electrical equipment such as electric vehicles require the development of specific functions and performance requirements suitable for these systems Low-voltage electrical appliances.
On the other hand, the application of these devices (such as converter equipment, grid-connected equipment, intermittent access equipment for energy, charging devices, etc.) will affect power quality. With harmonic suppression, reactive power compensation, transient overvoltage suppression and Overvoltage suppression and protection of renewable energy power generation systems also put forward more and higher requirements for low-voltage electrical appliances. Traditional low-voltage electrical appliances will face extension and expansion. This is another new development opportunity for low-voltage electrical appliances.
Early warning and rapid recovery and self-healing become the development direction of low-voltage electrical appliances
The strong, self-healing, interaction, optimization and other functions required by the smart grid require that low-voltage electrical appliances should use network information technology, modern communication technology and measurement technology to achieve system life management, rapid fault location, two-way communication, power quality monitoring and other functions. At the same time, the low-voltage electrical appliances will also use the signal acquisition system in the intelligent distribution network to achieve digitization, which can not only ensure sufficient sampling rate and good accuracy, but also facilitate the early assessment of events and early warning of failures through the analysis of real-time data. . In addition, through the network monitor of low-voltage electrical appliances to quickly locate the fault point, as well as the fault isolation of the distribution network fault and the automatic restoration of power supply in the non-fault area, the distribution network can be quickly and safely restored and self-healing, thus fully satisfying intelligent distribution Network protection and control requirements. Therefore, with the construction of smart grid, the application of new generation of smart low-voltage electrical appliances will become more and more extensive.
Supply and demand management model promotes the development of low-voltage electrical appliances to the network
The application of renewable energy power generation systems has broken the traditional modes of production and consumption of energy, and formed a two-way interactive service system between producers and consumers. A variety of input data, including pricing signals, time-sharing billing, and grid load conditions, must use advanced management software, adopt flexible configuration methods according to user needs, promote users to participate in grid operation and management, and balance user demand for electricity .
In addition, satisfying the supply and demand relationship, reducing or shifting peak power demand, reducing hot standby power stations, further improving the energy efficiency of the power grid and improving the reliability of the power supply of the power grid, thereby maximizing resource conservation and protecting the environment. This requires not only the development of new operation and management models, but also the support of two-way communication, two-way metering, energy management and other networked low-voltage electrical appliances and systems. Therefore, these demands will also promote the rapid development of low-voltage electrical appliances in the direction of networking.
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Intelligent low-voltage electrical appliances have four characteristics
Although so far, domestic and foreign low-voltage electrical standards have not yet defined the intelligentization of low-voltage electrical appliances. But what is generally recognized by the industry is that intelligent low-voltage electrical appliances must have four basic features: namely, full protection functions, real-time current parameter measurement, fault recording and display, and internal fault self-diagnosis. Generally, intelligent low-voltage appliances have the following advantages over ordinary appliances:
1. Ordinary distribution appliances will cause higher harmonics in the distribution system, and intelligent distribution appliances can eliminate the higher harmonics in the input signal, thereby avoiding the misoperation caused by the higher harmonics.
2. Intelligent overload protection appliances can protect motors with a variety of starting conditions, and have high operational reliability, such as motor overload and phase failure protection, ground protection, three-phase unbalance protection, and reverse phase or low current protection.
3. The intelligent protection relay has monitoring, protection and communication functions.
4. Smart appliances can realize centralized control of the central computer, improve the degree of automation of the power distribution system, and make the power distribution, control system scheduling and maintenance reach a new level.
5. Intelligent electrical appliances adopt new digital monitoring components, which maximizes the information provided by the power distribution system and control center, and the wiring is simple, easy to install, and improves the work reliability.
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