First, lighting energy saving and environmental protection
With the rapid growth of China's economy, energy demand has increased substantially, and the contradiction between energy supply and demand has become prominent. Especially in the past two years, the national electricity consumption and electricity load have increased rapidly. Since last year, two-thirds of the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) have experienced different levels of power shortages and even power cuts, which seriously affects the economic society. Development and the improvement of people's living standards.
Energy is an important resource for the survival and development of human society. Global population growth and economic growth are increasingly demanding energy. Long-term excessive exploitation of conventional energy sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas to reduce their reserves. According to official data such as the United Nations, the remaining oil in the earth's crust can be mined for 35 years, natural gas for 40 years, and coal for 110 years. What kind of energy pressure humans face! At the same time, due to the long-term use of coal, carbon and oil, etc. The resulting environmental and ecological problems have seriously threatened human survival.
Saving energy is important to protect the environment. In the case of thermal power generation, for every 1 kWh of electricity produced, the pollutants produced by the air are sulfur dioxide; the amounts of nitrogen oxides and carbon dioxide are as follows: SO2 produced by coal-fired power generation: 9 g, NOX: 4.4 g, CO2: 1100 g; Fuel power generation: production of SO2: 3.7 grams, NOX: 1.5 grams, CO2: 860 grams: gas power generation: production of SO2: 5 grams, NOX: 2.4 grams, C02: 640 grams.
C02 accumulates in the atmosphere, absorbs infrared radiation released from the ground, and forms the “greenhouse effect†of the atmosphere, which causes the earth to warm, causing melting icebergs and seawater to expand, causing sea level rise, changing ecosystems, and affecting human production and life. . S02, NOX and acid rain in the atmosphere accelerate the corrosion of materials, destroy the quality of soil and water, and affect the growth of plants and aquatic organisms. People live in a certain concentration of SO2 and NOX air for a long time, which will produce respiratory tract and other diseases.
On the other hand, China's electricity consumption is low, waste is serious, and the potential for saving is great. A large amount of energy is saved, which can effectively protect the environment, reduce pollution and improve people's health.
China's lighting power consumption has accounted for 10%%-12% of total electricity consumption. According to China's "China Green Lighting Project", lighting and energy saving has become an important aspect of energy conservation. At present, the energy saving potential of lighting is very large. The general energy-saving scheme can achieve a savings of 20%%-30%%. According to the conservative quantity, 20%% of the calculation is carried out. The value of energy saved in the country is considerable, and it is conceivable to save land in the national economy. How big should it be?
Advocating lighting energy saving does not mean lowering the requirements for visual operations and reducing the quality of lighting, because it will reduce labor productivity, and not only can not achieve the purpose of lighting energy saving, but affect the staff's vision. The basic principle of lighting energy conservation is to ensure that the visual requirements of the workplace are not reduced, and that there is still improvement. Under the premise of ensuring illumination standards and lighting quality, efforts are made to reduce energy loss in the lighting system and to utilize electricity most efficiently. The unit illuminance and the required electricity consumption per unit area (W/m2.lx) are used as lighting energy-saving indicators, and strive to increase the illuminance and reduce the electricity consumption.
Second, the potential and methods of lighting energy conservation
1. Choose a high quality electric light source
The scientific choice of electric light source is the primary task of lighting power saving. The energy-saving electric light source has high luminous efficiency. That is, more luminous flux (Lm) is emitted per watt of electricity (W). The luminous efficiency of incandescent bulbs is generally 7-20 Lm/W. Its life is generally 1000h, and the special is 2000h. Single-ended compact fluorescent lamps (commonly known as energy-saving lamps) typically have a luminous flux of 50 Lm/W. The energy-saving lamp with a 9W life of 3000~5000h can completely replace the 40W incandescent bulb; the double-ended straight tube fluorescent lamp T12 is 55Lm/W, the life is 3000~5000h, and the current T5 type reaches 90-110Dn/W. The service life can reach 8000~10000h. Therefore, the T12, T10 and T8 fluorescent lamps should be eliminated, which not only saves about 50% of the electric energy, but also improves the color rendering of the light. In addition to the above light sources, there are also high-intensity gas discharge lamps, such as high-pressure nano lamps, metal halide lamps, microwave sulfur lamps, electrodeless lamps, light-emitting diodes and semiconductor lighting lamps. The development of science and technology, electric light sources are also emerging. Modern lamps can be as thin as paper, as thin as silk, and always surprise people. Nowadays, those places where the power-saving lamps are behind are still being applied. Energy-saving renovation of lighting projects should be implemented as soon as possible. Of course, when selecting a light source with higher illumination, it is necessary to consider the application place, and carry out reasonable scientific lighting modification according to the characteristics of the place and the characteristics of the electric light source.
2. Choose efficient lamps
The luminaire is the "fashion" of the bulb (tube). It must be beautiful, but also has the function of scientifically distributing light. The key indicator of the luminaire is the efficiency of the luminaire. Luminaire efficiency is the percentage of luminous flux that is output when installed in a luminaire when the luminous flux of the bulb is 100. It can send light to different places according to the needs of the place, that is, the scientific use of light can make people's visual comfort. For example, the earliest double-ended straight tube fluorescent trapezoidal control cover type lamp used in school classrooms is made of tin-painted white paint. The light distribution is unreasonable. The illumination of the table under the lamp is high. The illumination on the middle of the two lamps is low, and the efficiency of the lamp is about About 70%%. When improved, the hyperboloid luminaire made of polished alumina is scientifically shaped to make the light distribution into the shape of the batwing shape. The reflection coefficient of the material is improved, and the efficiency of the luminaire can be increased by 82%. It can be seen from this example that the same number of identical lamps can not meet the requirements of the former, and the latter can meet the requirements. Therefore, using good lamps is also an energy-saving method.
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